Page 57 - MemoriaCIBER-2017ENG

Scienti c Programmes
Epidemiology, genetics and epigenetics of diabetes mellitus Chronic complications and comorbidities Coordinator: Ángela M. Martínez Valverde
1 Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus, its chronic complications and comorbidities
The eld work has been completed in the di@bet es study which will establish the incidence of diabetes in Spain and the associated risk factors
As from the data collected in the di@bet es study it has been established that the reference values of the TSH might not be appropriate for diagnosing hypothyroidism in individuals with morbid obesity (Valdés et al , Obesity 2017)
A new questionnaire has been developed for measuring the quality of life connected with the health of patients with diabetes type 1 (questionnaire ViDa1) providing information on their psychometric proper- ties (Alvarado-Martel et al , Front Psychol 2017)
2 Genetics, epigenetics and environmental factors in the development of diabetes and
its complications
A mutation which activates the STAT3 transcription factor in neonatal diabetes has been identi ed (Ve- layos et al , Diabetes 2017) The functional characterisation of mutations of the glucokinase gene causing hypoglycaemia and hyperinsulinism has been performed and a new mutation which has an activation e ect has been identi ed, although its carrier su ers a slight form of late-onset hyperinsulinism (Mar- tinez R et al , Clin Endocrinol 2017) New mutations have been characterised in STAP1 and LCAT genes in patients with inherited dyslipidaemia (Rial-Crestelo et al , J Clin Lipidol 2017)
3 Molecular mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of chronic compli-
cations of diabetes: therapeutic strategies
In the context of participation in the European EUROCONDOR consortium (NCT01726075), it has been con- cluded that neurodegeneration is a key component in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy in many patients with diabetes type 2 (Santos et al , Diabetes 2017) and it has been described that somatostatin protects the retinal pericytes from the in ammatory damage caused by the activation of the microglia (Mazzeo et al , Exp Eye Res 2017)
Preclinical studies have been performed on animal models Treatment with sitagliptin in diabetic mice unleashed an antioxidant response in the kidney mediated by the drop-in levels of microRNAs miR-200 and miR-21, displayed in an improvement of proteinuria and renal brosis (Civantos et al , Diabetes, Met- abolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy 2017) This same treatment administered topically to diabetic mice has been e ective at preventing the neurodegeneration of the retina (Hernández et al , Diabetología 2017) In mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis the e ectiveness of a dual agonist peptide of glucagon and GLP-1 receptors in the progression of this pathology has been displayed This treat- ment also improved the regenerative capacity of the liver after partial hepatectomy (Valdecantos et al , Hepatology 2017) It has been shown that the administration of the GLP-1 analogue lixisenatide reduces atherosclerosis in insulin-resistant mice modulating the polarisation of macrophages (Vinué et al , Dia- betología 2017)