Page 52 - MemoriaCIBER-2018ENG

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Scientific Programmes
Epidemiology, Genetics
and Epigenetics of Diabetes Mellitus. Chronic complications and Comorbidities
Coordinator:
Ángela Martínez Valverde
Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus, its chronic complications and comorbidities
The incidence of diabetes in Spain has been established,at 11.58 cases per 1000 persons-year, which represents about 386,003 new cases each year in the adult population. In the framework of the [email protected] study, financing from the ISCIII has been obtained for a project on regulation of VEGF-b by circulating microRNAS.
Genetics, epigenetics and environmental factors in the development of diabetes and its complications
We took part in the clinical trial known as Trial to Reduce Insulin-Dependent Diabetes mellitus in the Genetically at Risk,the biggest international study on primary prevention in type 1 diabetes carried out until now. This has established that exposure to intact casein during childhood does not play any role in the development of type 1 diabetes (Knip et al.,JAMA 2018).
In 2018, we should also stress the finding that candidate gene for type 1 diabetes DEXI is involved in the regulation of inflammation of the pancreatic
beta cell (Dos Santos et al., Diabetologia 2018).
In the setting of the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI), CIBERDEM has taken part in a joint analysis of observational nutritional studies for establishing a methodology enabling the creation of robust meta -databases (Pinart
et al., J Nutrition, 2018). Nutrition based on
the Mediterranean diet has been described as reducing adverse perinatal events of women with gestational Diabetes (Assaf-Balut et al., BMJ Open Diab Res Care,2018).
A reduction of the macrophage reverse specific cholesterol transport was reported in patients with diseases associated with cardiovascular risk, familial hypercholesterolaemia and abdominal aortic aneurysm by means of measuring the
cell flow of cholesterol (Martínez-López et
al., Arterioscl Throm Vas 2018). Progress has
been made in the implementation of NMR methodology for determining the profile of lipoproteins in early detection of cardiovascular risk (Barrilero et al., Anal Chem 2018) and this
is being applied to diabetes by means of the complete characterisation of the di@betes study cohort. It has been described that circulating inflammatory markers as soluble receptor type
II of TNFa, C- reactive protein and total leukocyte count, along with the presence of anti-islet autoantibodies directed against GAD can help to differentiate latent adult autoimmune diabetes from classic type 1 diabetes in adults and from type 2 diabetes (Castelblanco et al., Diabetes Care, 2018).
The importance of CXCR3 –mediated inflammatory axis and its ligands in metabolic dysfunction and angiogenesis of the adipose tissue during resistance to insulin has been shown in humans (Hueso et. al., Int J Obes
2018). High-fat diets have been found to alter
the regulation of kinase protein PASK and its inhibition could slow down obesity (Pérez-García et al., J Nutr Biochem 2018).
CIBERDEM | ANNUAL REPORT 2018