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• P c, c l, M S, t F, g-V c, c J, l J, A c. .
Most relevant uigAlAtAYudArtíuBAuArcíAidAlArrAtAlàiñAreSrdAnuY
Molecular epidemiology of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae causing community-
scientific acquired pneumonia in adults.PLOS ONE. 2013;8(12):e82515.

articles
• doMenecH A, Puig c, MArtí S, SAntoS S, FernándeZ A, cAlAtAYud l. Infectious etiology of
acute exacerbations in severe COPD patients.J Infect. 2013 Dec;67(6):516-23.

• rolo d, Fenoll A, FontAnAlS d, lArroSA n, giMéneZ M, grAu i. Serotype 5 pneumococ-

ci causing invasive pneumococcal disease outbreaks in Barcelona, Spain (1997 to
2011).J Clin Microbiol. 2013 Nov;51(11):3585-90.

• r d, S S A, d A, F A, l J, l H. Disease isolates of
oloiMõeSoMenecHenolliñAreSde encAStre
Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and non-typeable S. pneumoniae presumptively
identified as atypical S. pneumoniae in Spain.PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57047.

• W kl, l lM, c nJ, Mg l, g A, l J. Pneumococcal
YreSAMBertSenroucHerceeVon ottBergiñAreS
capsular switching: a historical perspective.J Infect Dis. 2013 Feb 1;207(3):439-49.

Highlights
Throughout 2013 we have participated in two Corporative Research Programs
(Pneumonia and COPD) of CIBERES. The following studies were funding by two

Research Projects (PI11/0763 and PI09/01904).

• The study of fluorquinolone resistance rates and mechanisms of pneumococci in

Spain in 2012 showed that resistance remained low and stable throughout the
last decade. However, in 2012 a notably the expansion of a preexisting multi-

drug-resistant clone, CC63, and the emergence of the CC156 clone expressing
serotype 11A were observed. This paper has been published in 2014 (Domenech

et al Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:2393-2399).

• We have participated in an international study analyzing 426 world-wide isolated

pneumococci dated from 1937 through 2007. The whole-genome sequencing
showed that capsular switching has been a regular occurrence among pneu-

mococcal populations throughout the past 7 decades. Recombination of large

DNA fragments (>30 kb), sometimes including the capsular locus and penici-
llin-binding protein genes, predated both vaccine introduction and widespread

antibiotic use. This type of recombination has likely been an intrinsic feature

throughout the history of pneumococcal evolution.

• We have characterized the multidrug resistant serotype 8 pneumococci clone
detected as causing invasive disease in Spain since 2004. It is the first world

description of this multidrug-resistant recombinant clone. The new strain (se-

rotype 8-ST63) was originated by recombination of capsular locus and flanking
regions from a serotype 8-ST53-isolate (donor) to a ST63 pneumococci (recep-

tor).

• We have characterized the genotypes and antimicrobial resistance of 95 NT-Hae-
13
mophilus influenzae causing non-bacteremic pneumonia in adults. These strains 20
had a high genetic diversity, and a high rate of reduced susceptibility to ampici- T
OR
llin due to PBP3 alterations. Finally, the analysis of treatment and outcomes in P
RE
this group of patients demonstrated that NTHi strains with mutations in the PBP3 L
could be successfully treated with ceftriaxone or fluoroquinolones.
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