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c) Neuro-gastroenterology, alterations of digestive motility and functional digestive disorders.
2018 was a significant year for the study of disorders such as IBS, with a prevalence
of 15% of the general public, or such as Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (OD), which affects 50% of the patients who have suffered from a stroke, neurodegenerative diseases and frail elderly persons. The 2018 studies include
the assessment of the effect of different diet and nutrition elements in the oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal function, especially the biological and sensorial responses to intake, and the role of exclusion diets in IBS. Post- infection IBS and the role of probiotics occupied
Epidemiology, prevention and treatment of infection by the hepatitis virus
Coordinator:
Xavier Forns Bernhardt
In 2018 the cooperation work done between groups in the programme was consolidated for the analysis of the repercussion of treatment with direct-acting antivirals in the natural history of hepatitis C.
This cooperation work is backed by the number and quality of the articles resulting from national and international multi-centre studies by members of the CIBEREHD. Some of these which deserve mention are: 1) International study for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of treatment with sofosbuvir and velpatasvir (with and without ribavirin) in patients with cirrhosis and genotype 3 (Gastroenterology. 2018; 155:1120- 1127); 2) Prospective evaluation
of the effectiveness and safety of oral regimens against HCV in patients with liver transplants co- infected with HIV (Am J Transplant. 2018; 18:2513- 2522); 3) International studies for evaluating
the effectiveness of different antiviral patterns in patients with liver or kidney transplants infected by HCV (Hepatology. 2018; 68:1298- 1307, J Hepatol 2018;69:603-607); 4) impact of
an antiviral treatment of HCV in patients with liver transplants from both the standpoint of the change in the composition in the waiting list (J Hepatol. 2018; 69:11-17) and in the natural history
a further significant group of studies, as well as the analysis of the epithelium dysfunction in IBS-D from a basic standpoint. Strategic action has continued to contribute to the dynamics
of basic researchers in this area. As regards oropharyngeal motility, both clinical and basic studies address the development of active pharmacological treatments with oropharyngeal receptors TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8 agonists, and of compensatory strategies known as “Minimal-Massive Intervention” for handling oropharyngeal dysphagia. Apart from this
the prevalence, risk factors and clinical and economic impact of post-ictus dysphagia have been described.
of post-transplant recurrence (Hepatology 2018; 67:1683-1694); 5) the impact of antiviral treatment on the different comorbidities associated with infection by HCV (J Hepatol. 2018; 68:940-948) including cryoglobulinemia (Gastroenterology 2018; 155:311-315).
All these studies have been published in first decile journals and led by CIBEREHD researchers.
Other clinical areas in which there have been relevant progress and publications of interest are 1) Hepatitis A, with the description of outbreaks of this disease in the group of men who have sex with men (HSH), something which has become
a public health problem in particular in certain European cities (Liver Int. 2018; 38:588-593);
2) Hepatitis B, where a European collaborative study has analysed the long-term impact with nucleo(t)side analogue treatments in patients with “e minus” hepatitis B, proving that survival time in patients without cirrhosis is comparable to that of the general population (J Hepatol. 2018; 68:1129-113). An exhaustive analysis has been made of the natural history of the infection in “inactive carrier” or ”grey zone” patients,coming to the conclusion that the great majority of these patients (if they are of Caucasian origin) could avoid indefinite treatment with antivirals; 3) in the field of fast diagnosis we should highlight
the development and validation of a test for the diagnosis of hepatitis C which would be easy to apply in areas where a microbiology laboratory is not available (Gut 2018;67:2017-2024). This is
of vital importance for the implementation of programmes for micro-elimination of the virus.
In translational research we must highlight our participation in an international consortium which has analysed the resistance patterns in
CIBEREHD | ANNUAL REPORT 2018